The Pharmacology & Toxicology major builds core foundations in this discipline and prepares students with practical, career-relevant skills. Use RoEDU™ to find programs that match your goals.
Within Sciences, students often explore key subfields and specializations that provide targeted expertise.
Graduates translate classroom knowledge into real-world impact across sectors through hands-on projects and internships.
As part of Sciences, this major connects to diverse, high-demand fields and interdisciplinary pathways.
Typical starting pay soon after graduation.
Estimated after a decade of experience.
Seasoned professionals at ~20 years.
CAGR (compound annual growth rate) summarizes average yearly change across the observed period.
Employment-weighted across mapped SOCs; entry ≈ 85% of median; historical CAGR shown for last 5y; projections capped at 3% CAGR; lifetime is 40-year present value at 3% discount.
Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics (2024) • Median wages, employment, and growth projections
| Occupation | Median Wage | Total Jobs | Growth Rate | Education |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health SOC: 19-2041 Occupation: Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health | $80,060 | 84,930 | N/A | N/A |
Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health SOC: 19-4042 Occupation: Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health | $49,490 | 39,390 | N/A | N/A |
Environmental Engineering Technologists and Technicians SOC: 17-3025 Occupation: Environmental Engineering Technologists and Technicians | $58,890 | 12,500 | N/A | N/A |
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists SOC: 19-5011 Occupation: Occupational Health and Safety Specialists | $83,910 | 128,430 | N/A | N/A |
Occupational Health and Safety Technicians SOC: 19-5012 Occupation: Occupational Health and Safety Technicians | $58,440 | 31,450 | N/A | N/A |
Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary SOC: 25-1042 Occupation: Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary | $83,460 | 53,250 | N/A | N/A |
Historical data from Bureau of Labor Statistics (2020-2024) • Salary trends and employment growth over 5 years
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $80,060 | 84,930 |
| 2023 | $78,980 | 80,730 |
| 2022 | $76,480 | 77,270 |
| 2021 | $76,530 | 76,890 |
| 2020 | $73,230 | 84,610 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $49,490 | 39,390 |
| 2023 | $50,660 | 32,390 |
| 2022 | $48,380 | 33,920 |
| 2021 | $47,370 | 34,110 |
| 2020 | $46,850 | 31,860 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $58,890 | 12,500 |
| 2023 | $54,000 | 13,780 |
| 2022 | $50,980 | 13,400 |
| 2021 | $48,390 | 14,910 |
| 2020 | $51,630 | 17,070 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $83,910 | 128,430 |
| 2023 | $81,140 | 122,300 |
| 2022 | $78,570 | 109,430 |
| 2021 | $77,560 | 106,340 |
| 2020 | $76,340 | 95,960 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $58,440 | 31,450 |
| 2023 | $57,920 | 27,270 |
| 2022 | $57,970 | 23,670 |
| 2021 | $51,120 | 21,750 |
| 2020 | $53,340 | 20,950 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $83,460 | 53,250 |
| 2023 | $83,920 | 52,050 |
| 2022 | $81,650 | 49,920 |
| 2021 | $81,440 | 47,690 |
| 2020 | $85,600 | 51,500 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $161,180 | 100,870 |
| 2023 | $157,740 | 96,520 |
| 2022 | $144,440 | 82,570 |
| 2021 | $137,900 | 74,760 |
| 2020 | $137,940 | 75,870 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $105,620 | 229,720 |
| 2023 | $105,650 | 225,360 |
| 2022 | $100,300 | 207,700 |
| 2021 | $102,720 | 191,830 |
| 2020 | $99,090 | 200,040 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $93,330 | 59,710 |
| 2023 | $91,100 | 61,220 |
| 2022 | $87,300 | 55,300 |
| 2021 | $82,530 | 47,050 |
| 2020 | $85,290 | 41,680 |
| Year | Median Wage | Employment |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $100,590 | 156,300 |
| 2023 | $100,890 | 136,620 |
| 2022 | $99,930 | 110,550 |
| 2021 | $95,310 | 108,550 |
| 2020 | $91,510 | 126,110 |